Concrete Slab Calculator

    Estimate cubic metres, bags, and materials for a rectangular slab pour.

    Estimated materials

    Slab volume: 0.90 m³ (31.8 ft³)

    Volume + waste: 0.99 m³

    Cement: 216 kg

    Sand: 480 kg

    Gravel: 756 kg

    Bag count (including waste):

    • 20 kg bag: 98 bags
    • 25 kg bag: 80 bags
    • 40 kg bag: 56 bags
    • 60 lb bag: 78 bags
    • 80 lb bag: 59 bags

    Quick note

    This is a planning estimate. Structural slabs should follow the engineer's drawing for thickness, mix specification, and reinforcement.

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    Slab Calculation Guide

    Concrete slab volume is simply length × width × thickness. The tricky part is picking the right thickness, mix, and waste allowance for the job.

    Typical slab thicknesses

    • Paths and walkways: 75 mm
    • Patios: 100 mm
    • Shed bases: 100 mm
    • Garage floors: 100–150 mm
    • Domestic driveways: 150–200 mm

    Reinforcement

    Reinforcement is out of scope for this estimate. Mesh sheets and rebar quantities depend on slab thickness, span, and load — get them from the project drawing or supplier guidance.

    Concrete Slab Calculator for Driveways, Patios, and Bases

    This concrete slab calculator estimates the volume of a rectangular slab and the cement, sand, gravel, and bag counts needed to pour it. It is part of our concrete calculators set, alongside dedicated post hole and footing tools.

    Use it for patio slabs, shed bases, garage floors, and domestic driveways. For foundations, columns, and structural footings, use the concrete footing calculator instead — slab math and footing math are not interchangeable.


    How to calculate concrete for a slab

    For a rectangular slab the formula is straightforward:

    Volume (m³) = length (m) × width (m) × thickness (m)

    Thickness is normally given in millimetres on UK projects and in inches on US projects. Convert before multiplying: 100 mm = 0.1 m, 4 in = 0.333 ft. The calculator above accepts the more natural units (mm or inches) and converts internally.


    Typical slab thicknesses

    Slab useTypical thickness (metric)Typical thickness (US)Notes
    Footpath / walkway75 mm3 inPedestrian only, well-compacted base
    Patio100 mm4 inGeneral domestic patio loads
    Shed base100 mm4 inLight garden building, hardcore sub-base
    Driveway150–200 mm6–8 inCars and light vans; thicker for heavier vehicles

    How many bags of concrete for a slab?

    Bag counts come from dividing slab volume (including a waste allowance) by the yield per bag. Common yields:

    • 20 kg bag → ~0.0102 m³ yield → ~100 bags / m³
    • 25 kg bag → ~0.0125 m³ yield → ~80 bags / m³
    • 40 kg bag → ~0.018 m³ yield → ~55 bags / m³
    • 60 lb bag (US) → ~0.0127 m³ → ~79 bags / m³
    • 80 lb bag (US) → ~0.017 m³ → ~59 bags / m³

    Bag yields are manufacturer-specific — check the bag before ordering at quantity. For pours larger than about 1 m³, ready-mix delivery is usually cheaper and easier than bagged concrete.


    Worked examples

    1. Patio slab — 3 m × 3 m × 100 mm

    • Volume: 3 × 3 × 0.10 = 0.90 m³ (~31.8 ft³)
    • With 10% waste: ~0.99 m³
    • Standard 1:2:3 mix → ~225 kg cement, ~450 kg sand, ~755 kg gravel
    • 20 kg bags: ~98 bags. 25 kg bags: ~79 bags.

    2. Garage base — 6 m × 3 m × 150 mm

    • Volume: 6 × 3 × 0.15 = 2.70 m³
    • With 10% waste: ~2.97 m³
    • 1:1.5:3 driveway mix → ~750 kg cement, ~1,070 kg sand, ~2,140 kg gravel
    • At this size ready-mix is almost always the right call — order 3 m³.

    3. Driveway slab — 10 m × 4 m × 200 mm

    • Volume: 10 × 4 × 0.20 = 8.00 m³
    • With 10% waste: ~8.8 m³
    • Ready-mix territory. Plan delivery windows and finishing labour carefully.
    • Driveways typically require an A142 or A193 mesh sheet — out of scope here.

    Reinforcement (mesh and rebar)

    This calculator estimates concrete volume only — it does not size reinforcement. For patios and small bases, reinforcement is often unnecessary if the subgrade is well-compacted. Driveways and garage floors normally use a single sheet of A142 or A193 fabric, set on chairs at mid-depth. Structural slabs come from the engineer's drawing, which will specify bar diameter, spacing, cover, and lap length.


    Common questions

    How much concrete do I need for a slab?

    Slab volume is length × width × thickness. For a 3 m × 3 m patio at 100 mm thickness, that is 3 × 3 × 0.1 = 0.9 m³. Add a 5–10% waste allowance for spillage, over-excavation, and finishing losses.

    How thick should a concrete slab be?

    Footpaths and patios are usually 75–100 mm, shed bases 100 mm, garage floors 100–150 mm, and domestic driveways 150–200 mm. Heavier vehicle traffic, weak ground, and freeze-thaw exposure all push thickness higher.

    How many 20 kg bags of concrete are in a slab?

    Around 100 × 20 kg bags per cubic metre. A 3 m × 3 m × 100 mm patio (0.9 m³) is therefore roughly 90 × 20 kg bags. For 25 kg bags, divide m³ by 0.0125 — the same slab is about 72 × 25 kg bags.

    What is the best mix ratio for a slab?

    A 1:2:3 mix (cement : sand : gravel) is widely used as a general-purpose slab mix. For driveways and slabs carrying heavier loads, a stronger 1:1.5:3 mix is common. Light-duty paths and patios can use 1:3:6.

    How much waste allowance should I add for a slab pour?

    Add 5–10% to a flat, well-prepared slab. Add closer to 10–15% if the subgrade is uneven, edges are rough, or the slab is being placed in awkward sections that increase spillage during the pour.

    Do I need rebar or mesh in a concrete slab?

    Patios and small bases often work without reinforcement when the slab is well-supported by a compacted base. Driveways, garage floors, and slabs carrying point loads typically use either a steel mesh sheet (e.g. A142 or A193) or a grid of rebar.

    Can I pour a concrete slab in one go or in sections?

    Pour each slab as a single placement where possible — cold joints between separately-poured sections are weaker than monolithic concrete. For very large slabs, plan control joints rather than separate pours, and have enough labour or ready-mix on site to keep the pour continuous.

    Is a concrete slab the same as a footing?

    No. A slab is a flat horizontal pour for a floor, patio, or base. A footing is a strip or pad beneath a wall or column that transfers structural loads to the ground. Use the footing calculator for foundations and footings.


    Related tools

    Up to the hub: Concrete Calculator. Sideways: Concrete Post Hole Calculator and Concrete Footing Calculator. Supporting converters: Area, Volume, and Length.